饲养方案对170-250公斤杜洛克公猪的增重、精液性能、性欲和跛脚的影响

畜牧编辑

　　

　　2016. J. Anim. Sci. 94(11): 4666-4676
　　饲养方案对170-250公斤杜洛克公猪的增重、精液性能、性欲和跛脚的影响

　　C. Wang, J. L. Li, H. K. Wei, Y. F. Zhou,J. J. Tan, H. Q. Sun, S. W. Jiang and J. Peng

　　本试验分两个阶段来探究饲养方案对170-200公斤（阶段一）和200-250公斤（阶段二）公猪的增重、精液性能、性欲和跛脚的影响。选取61头杜洛克公猪分至三个处理组，每头试验公猪饲喂15g/d的鱼油以维持n-6:n-3脂肪酸的摄入比近似为6.1:1。


　　通过调节玉米-豆粕基础日粮（代谢能为3.11 Mcal/kg）的采食量来控制不同处理组的能量摄入量：1）低能量摄入组（L，n = 20, 7.3Mcal/d的代谢能），2）中能量摄入组（M，n = 20, 7.7 Mcal/d的代谢能），3）高能量摄入组（H，n = 21, 8.3 Mcal/d的代谢能）。在阶段二中，三个处理组的采食量分别增加至7.6、8.2和8.6Mcal/d的代谢能摄入量。

　　在28周的试验期间的检测指标包括公猪增重、睾丸体积、精液性能、性欲、脚趾状况、爪病变和跛脚，并且各处理组要记录淘汰公猪数来计算淘汰率。尽管三组公猪的睾丸体积、精子浓度和精子活动能力并无差异，但异常精子百分率、爪病变比例和爪病变打分是有差异的（P > 0.05），且在第二阶段随着日粮中能量摄入的增加公猪的平均日增重会显著提高。M和H组公猪的总精子数目和活性精子数目显著高于L组公猪（P < 0.05），而M和H组间的并没有表现出显著的差异（P > 0.05）。尽管如此，H组公猪要花更多的时间爬上采精台和射精，特别是与L和M组公猪相比表现出更多比例的跛腿（P < 0.05）。因此，中等能量摄入量的饲喂方案改善了公猪的总精子数目和活性精子数，同时降低了170-250公斤杜洛克公猪的跛腿发生率。

　　Effects of feeding regimen on weight gain, semen characteristics, libido, and lameness in 170- to 250-kilogram Duroc boars

　　C. Wang, J. L. Li, H. K. Wei, Y. F. Zhou,J. J. Tan, H. Q. Sun, S. W. Jiang and J. Peng

　　A 2-period field trial was conducted to determine the effects of feeding regimen on weight gain, semen characteristics, libido, and lameness in 170- to 200-kg (period 1) and 200- to 250-kg (period 2) boars. Sixty-one Duroc boars were allotted to 1 of 3 dietary treatments and 15g/d fish oil was also provided for each experimental boar, to maintain then-6:n-3 intake ratio at approximately 6.1:1. The energy intakes of the 3 treatment groups were controlled by basing the feed intake on a corn–soybean meal-based diet (3.11 Mcal/kg of ME) to create: 1) low energy intake group (L, n = 20, 7.3 Mcal/d of ME), 2) medium energy intake group (M, n = 20, 7.7 Mcal/d of ME), and 3) high energy intake group (H, n = 21, 8.3 Mcal/d of ME) in period1. Feed intake was then increased to 7.6, 8.2, and 8.6 Mcal/d of ME for the 3 groups, respectively, in period 2. During the 28-wk experimental period, boar weight gain, testis volume, semen characteristics, libido, toe measurements, claw lesions, and lameness were examined, and the number of boars culled in each group was recorded to calculate the culling rate. Although there were no differences in testis volume, sperm concentration, and motility, the percentage of abnormal sperm, the percentage of claw lesions, and claw lesion scores differed among treatments (P > 0.05), and ADG was significantly increased with the increase of energy intake between the 2 periods (P < 0.05). The Mand H boars had significantly greater total sperm number and functional sperm number than the L boars (P < 0.05), while no significant difference was observed between the M and H groups (P > 0.05). Nonetheless, the H boars took more time to mount the collection dummy and produce an ejaculate and, in particular, showed a greater percentage of lameness than the L and M boars (P < 0.05).Therefore, the medium energy intake regimen (energy intakes of 7.7 and 8.2 Mcal/d of ME with ADG of 454.5 and 375.3 g/d in 2 periods, respectively) improved the total sperm number and functional sperm number, and meanwhile decreased the occurrence of lameness in 170- to 250-kg Duroc boars。
来源：    猪营养国际论坛CSIS 翻译：李光燃

山中的漫游者

这是中猪饲料设计的关键点之一