假牛痘 Pseudo-Cowpox

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假牛痘
Pseudo-Cowpox (Milkers’ Nodule)

Prepared by: Dr. Terry Hunt


Translated by Dr. Fu Xiaoping
病因/发病机理

Cause & Pathogenesis

• 副泡状病毒
  Parapox virus
• 乳区、乳头的轻度感染
  Mild infection of udder & teats
• 牛群传播慢
  Slowly spreads throughout herd
• 发生于下一胎次              Will reoccur in subsequent lactations
• 通过设备、手、清洗液、昆虫传播

Spread from infected cows by equipment, hands, washing & insects
公众卫生：造成挤奶员手或指上红色/紫色发痒的结节
Public Health: Causes mild itchy purple/red nodules on hands and fingers of milker

危险因素

Risk Factors

• 仅仅新产牛最易感
  Just freshened cows are most susceptible

临床症状
Clinical Findings

• 乳头/乳房上红小色丘疹，逐渐发展为水疱，最后结痂

Small red papules on teats and udder progressing to vesicles then scabs

• 马蹄形或圆环形痂
  Horseshoe or circular ring of scabs
• 一般3周内治愈，但可持续数月Usually heal in 3 weeks but may persist for months

诊断

Diagnosis

• 特征性马蹄形或圆环形痂
  Characteristic horseshoe or circular ring of scabs

鉴别诊断

Differential Diagnosis

• 牛创伤性乳头炎
  Bovine ulcerative mammillitis
• 疣
  Warts
• 外伤性损伤
  Traumatic injury
• 牛痘—少见
  Cowpox -rare

治疗

Treatment

• 挤奶前涂药膏
  Ointment before milking
• 碘附浸泡奶头
  Iodophors teat dip

预后情况


Prognosis

• 良好，乳腺炎发病率增加
  Good although increased incidence of mastitis

预防

Prevention & Control

• 卫生
  Hygiene
• 隔离发病牛
  Segregate infected cows