水产饲料粒度控制要求与粒度控制技术

nety · 发表于 2007-7-12 19:03:52

原载：《新饲料》杂志2006年第1期 江南大学食品学院/过世东<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com<img src=" /><o:p></o:p>
摘要:本文分析了原料粒度对消化率、营养平衡、颗粒质量等的影响，提出水产饲料    的粒度要求；建议通过粉碎设备的正确选用、粉碎作业的合理安排及规范粒度检测制度等措施来保证水产饲料的粒度质量。
关键词：水产饲料  粒度  加工质量
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1. 粒度对消化率的影响<o:p></o:p>
1.1 粒度与消化率
饲料被水产动物食入后，在齿嚼、肠胃蠕动等机械力作用下破碎并和消化液搅拌混合。消化液浸润并水解饲料，使其中的蛋白质、淀粉、脂肪等大分子营养物质成为可吸收利用的小分子。
饲料被消化,首先得和消化液接触。增加饲料粒子的表面积，就增加了饲料和消化液的直接接触面积，同时也加快了消化液渗透到饲料粒子内部的速度。饲料粒子表面积不容易直接测得，但可由以下公式计算饲料粒子总表面积：
<?xml:namespace prefix = v ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" /><v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/work_1/LOCALS~1/Temp/msoclip1/01/clip_image001.wmz"></v:imagedata> 
式中：At：粉料粒子总表面积（cm2）<o:p></o:p>
      φS：表面积形状系数，球形φS=π<o:p></o:p>
      w：总质量（g）<o:p></o:p>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 58.5pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 5.57; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>φV：体积形状系数, 球形φV=π/6<o:p></o:p>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 58.5pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 5.57; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>ρ：密度（g/cm3）<o:p></o:p>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 58.5pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 5.57; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>sgw：粒度几何标准差（cm）<o:p></o:p>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 58.5pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 5.57; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>dgww：几何平均粒度（cm）<o:p></o:p>
饲料粉碎越细，粒度越小，表面积越大，和消化液接触面越大，消化液浸透饲料所需的时间就越短。虾和部分鱼的消化道很短，更有必要增加粒子表面积，以缩短饲料消化所需的时间，提高饲料消化率。
1.2 水产饲料原料粒度标准
各种水产动物及不同生长期的同种水产动物对饲料的粉碎粒度要求不同。在我国2003年前的水产行业标准中对此提出的指标如表1。
表1        水产饲料原料粉碎粒度标准<o:p></o:p>
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<TBODY>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 20.2pt">
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饲料名称</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 20.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
适用期</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 20.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
试验筛网孔尺寸/mm</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 20.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
筛上物比例/%</TD>
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引自于标准</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 21.2pt">
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鲤鱼饲料</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46 rowSpan=2>
鱼种</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.425</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤1</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 74.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=99 rowSpan=4>
SC/T1026—2002</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 21.2pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.250</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤10</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 21.2pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46 rowSpan=2>
成鱼</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.600</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤1</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 21.2pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.425</TD>
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≤10</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 21.2pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 55.05pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" vAlign=top width=73 rowSpan=3>
草鱼饲料</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
鱼苗</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.250</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤15.0</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 74.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=99 rowSpan=3>
SC/T1024—2002</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 21.2pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
鱼种</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.355</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤10.0</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 21.2pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
食用鱼</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.500</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤10.0</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 21.2pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 55.05pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=73 rowSpan=3>
大黄鱼饲料</TD>
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鱼苗</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.20</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤6.0</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 74.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 21.2pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=99 rowSpan=3>
SC/T2012—2002</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 13.1pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
鱼种</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.25</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤3.0</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 13.1pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
食用鱼</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.25</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤5.0</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 13.1pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 55.05pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=73 rowSpan=3>
真鲷饲料</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
稚鱼</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.20</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤5.0</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 74.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=99 rowSpan=2>
SC/T2007—2001</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 13.1pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
苗种</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.25</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤2.0</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 13.1pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
养成鱼</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.25</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤5.0</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 74.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=99>
 <o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 16.15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 55.05pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=73 rowSpan=3>
牙鲆饲料</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
稚鱼</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.20</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤5.0</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 74.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=99 rowSpan=3>
SC/T2006—2001</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 16.15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
苗种</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.25</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤2.0</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 16.15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
养成鱼</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.25</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤5.0</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 16.15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 55.05pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=73 rowSpan=3>
虹鳟饲料</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
鱼苗</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.15</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
0</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 74.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=99 rowSpan=3>
SC/T1030.7—1999</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 16.15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
鱼种</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.30</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
0</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 16.15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
育成鱼</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.45</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
0</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 16.15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 55.05pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=73 rowSpan=3>
中华鳖饲料</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
稚鳖</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.18</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤4</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 74.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=99 rowSpan=3>
SC/T1047—2001</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 16.15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
幼鳖</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.18</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤6</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 16.15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
成鳖</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.18</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤8</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 16.15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 55.05pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=73 rowSpan=2>
对虾饲料</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46 rowSpan=2>
整个养殖期</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.425</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤2</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 74.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=99 rowSpan=2>
SC/T2002—2002</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 16.15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.250</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤5</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 16.15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 55.05pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=73 rowSpan=4>
蛙类饲料</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
蝌蚪</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.180</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤5.0</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 74.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=99 rowSpan=4>
SC/T1056—2002</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 16.15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
仔蛙</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.180</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤5.0</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 16.15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
幼蛙</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.250</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤5.0</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 16.15pt">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 34.8pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=46>
成蛙</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 82.75pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=110>
0.250</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 68.3pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 16.15pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=91>
≤5.0</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
水产行业标准的制订中，既考虑了当时水产养殖对饲料加工质量的要求，又兼顾了饲料生产的总体水平。随着养殖模式的改变、养殖水平及饲料生产水平的提高，部分标准也将修正和完善。
2. 粒度对产品均匀度的影响<o:p></o:p>
2.1．均匀度对粒度的要求
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>Pfost从数理统计理论分析出，只有当一组分的粒子数在每份料中多于900颗时，对该组份的检测准确性才有保证。某组份在各份饲料中的粒子数大于等于20颗时，营养偏差才不至于很大。也就是说，饲料产品的均匀与否，不仅仅由混合设备而定，如某一组分的粒子数不足，该组份是难以分布均匀的。
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>当某一组分在饲料中占有的配比确定后，这一组份在每份饲料中的平均粒子数取决于两个因素：每份料的重量和该组份的粒度。
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>考虑动物对营养组分的利用和调节能力，在饲料均匀度评定中，通常以每一动物个体，每日的采食量为每份饲料的重量。因种类和生长期的不同，水产动物的日采食量有很大的变动范围。成年青鱼和草鱼的日采食量可达30g以上，而幼虾的日采食量仅几毫克。某一组分，如以同样的粒度和配比分别出现在成年青鱼饲料和幼虾饲料中，则每份成年青鱼料中该组分的粒子数就是幼虾料中的数千倍。该组份在成年青鱼料中分布均匀毫不困难，而在幼虾料中就有可能无法分布均匀。
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>对于粒度均一的组份，可由组份重量按下式算出粒子数：
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left><v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/work_1/LOCALS~1/Temp/msoclip1/01/clip_image003.wmz"></v:imagedata> 
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>式中：Nt：粉料粒子数（个）
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>      w：总重量（g）
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>      ρ：密度（g/cm3）<o:p></o:p>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 55.15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 5.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>φv：体积形状系数，球形φv=π/6<o:p></o:p>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 55.15pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 5.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>d：粒径（cm）
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>上式表示，颗粒个数与粒径的三次方成反比。将粒径缩小成原粒径的一半，颗粒个数相应增加7倍。
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>水产饲料中除某些粒度很小的化工产品可近似地将其视为粒度均一，绝大部分经粉碎后的原料都有较宽的粒度分布范围。对粒度分布不均匀的组份，按下式计算而得的粒子数更接近于实际粒子数 
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>式中：Nt、ρ、φv同上一式<o:p></o:p>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>      sgw：粒度几何标准差<o:p></o:p>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>      dgw：几何平均粒度（cm）
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>在水产饲料生产及检测中，常将粉状料能通过某一检查筛作为衡量粉料粗细度的依据。如将粉料粒子近似地视为球体，则检查筛筛孔的尺寸就表示了粉料中最大颗粒的直径。对粉碎产物而言，粉料的平均粒径近似等于最大粒子直径的1/3。
根据配方、粉碎后能通过的检查筛筛号及饲料种类，可算出某一组份具有的粒子数，由此判断该组份在成品中分布均匀的可能性。也可按混合均匀所需粒子数，确定某一组份必须达到的粉碎粒度。
2.2．特殊饲料形式对粒度的要求
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>幼小鱼虾体型小，日采食量仅数毫克或几十毫克。而在每一份日粮中又包含着几十种饲料组分。只有当这些组分的粒度足够小时，它们才可能被幼小鱼虾均匀地采食。<o:p></o:p>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>用于幼鱼、幼虾的微囊饲料本身粒径就极小，若要求每一颗饲料都保证营养全面，则饲料原料必须粉碎的更细小。表2列出了微囊虾饲料中，要使配比量为1%，0.5%，0.1%的三种组份在每颗成品饲料中达到20粒所允许的原料最大粒径。
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left><o:p></o:p> 
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23.7pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; tab-stops: list 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.25; mso-char-indent-size: 10.5pt" align=left>表2            微囊虾饲料原料最大允许粒径         （μm）<o:p></o:p>
<TABLE style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; MARGIN-LEFT: 9.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-border-top-alt: solid green 1.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid green 1.5pt; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=1>
<TBODY>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 13.6pt">
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适用生长期<o:p></o:p></TD>
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微囊饲料<o:p></o:p></TD>
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1%组分</TD>
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0.5%组分<o:p></o:p></TD>
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0.1%组分<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 13.1pt">
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蚤状期<o:p></o:p></TD>
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100<o:p></o:p></TD>
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24<o:p></o:p></TD>
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19<o:p></o:p></TD>
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11<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 13.1pt">
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糠虾期<o:p></o:p></TD>
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200<o:p></o:p></TD>
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48<o:p></o:p></TD>
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38<o:p></o:p></TD>
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22<o:p></o:p></TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 13.1pt">
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仔虾期<o:p></o:p></TD>
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500<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 58.65pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: green 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8" vAlign=bottom noWrap width=78>
119<o:p></o:p></TD>
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 58.65pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt; BORDER-BOTTOM: green 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 13.1pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8" vAlign=bottom noWrap width=78>
94<o:p></o:p></TD>
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55<o:p></o:p></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
 
 
以撞击力为主的固体粉碎机极少能将饲料粉碎到粒径小于50μm。根据表4-1-6的要求，必须采用特殊的方法进行微囊饲料的原料粉碎。胶体磨等用于食品、制药、化工等行业的湿料粉碎设备成为制作微囊饲料的必备工具。但要得到粒度小于10μm的粉碎物，在目前仍是微囊饲料加工中的一项技术难点。对某些组份选用可溶性原料。溶解后，使其以分子状态混入其它组分，从而提高均匀分布性。
用于饲料粒度检测的标准筛，筛孔尺寸不小于45μm。当筛孔尺寸小于45μm时，筛理过程极难正常进行。对于微囊饲料原料的粒度测定应采用显微镜法、气流分级法等进行。
3. 粒度对制粒质量的影响<o:p></o:p>
3.1．粒度与调质
水产饲料加工中的调质是对原料的水热处理过程。当蒸汽与饲料原料接触时，热量和水分同时作用于各个粉粒的表面并向粉粒内部传递。热量的传递依靠粉粒内部分子振动按温度梯度从表及里快速进行。而水分的传递则通过粉粒中存在的毛细管慢慢向内渗透。图1中的两条曲线，一条表示粉粒周边由水包裹时，粉粒中心水分由12%达到30%所需的时间；另一条曲线为粉粒周边温度为95℃时，粒心温度由室温达到90℃所需的时间。

<IMG height=228 src="http://www.cnm51.com/images/News/20060531_hglfnaub.gif" width=325 border=0>
图1的试验结果反映出，热量的传递速度远远快于水份的传递速度。既然调质是对物料的水热处理，只有在水分和热量同时作用于物料时才会达到应有的效果。水分传递所需时间长将影响调质中的水热处理效果。只有减短水分完全湿润粉粒所需的时间，才能增加水分和热量共同作用于全部饲料的时间。
粉粒的粒度减小，可增加水分进入粒子内部的通道和减小水分达到粒心的距离，是缩短渗透所需时间的有效措施。因而在一定范围内减小原料粒度是提高调质效果的常用手段。
从单个粉粒来看，粒子越小，被蒸汽完全湿润所需时间越短。但在水产饲料生产中，并非所有径微粉碎的物料都能在很短的时间内达到理想的水分分布。随着粒度的减小，饲料的流动性变差，易于结团。在蒸汽质量远低于粉粒质量的调质条件下，常形成内干外湿的料团。一些实验中出现粉碎越细，调质效果越差的结果，粉料结团可能是主要原因。改良调质器的蒸汽进入方式、增大桨板转速及调整桨板偏角等措施，能在某种程度上减小细粉物料团的直径。
图1 显示的水分传递时间曲线与二次方程曲线相吻合，即湿润粒心所需的时间随粒径的二次方增加。当粉粒粒径较大时，其增量很可观，但在粉粒粒径很小的情况下，再减小粒径，湿润粒心所需时间的绝对量减少就意义不大了。所以，实际生产中反映出，在粒径的一定范围内，调质效果最为理想。
3.2．粒度与耐水性
硬颗粒压制中，在压辊、压模作用下，饲料穿越模孔成型而出。各粉粒过孔期间的变形、贴紧、粘合等物理变化进行的程度与粒子大小有关。原料粒度大，则难以软化，可塑性差；粒子间接触面积小，易留下空隙；具粘结力的物料不易分布均匀，不具粘结力的物料更易于脱落。这些特性使粒度大的原料难以制得耐水性好的硬颗粒水产饲料。采用不同加工工艺进行同一配方的水产硬颗粒饲料生产，产品耐水性状况如表3所示。
表3      微粉碎对硬颗粒耐水性的影响<o:p></o:p>
<DIV align=center>
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<TBODY>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 30pt">
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: green 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 165.2pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: green 0.75pt solid; HEIGHT: 30pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8" vAlign=top width=220>
加工方法</TD>
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: green 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 129.7pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: green 0.75pt solid; HEIGHT: 30pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8" vAlign=top width=173>
流水中10分钟
颗粒完好率%</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 12.75pt">
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 165.2pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 12.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8; mso-border-top-alt: solid green .75pt" vAlign=top width=220>
不经微粉碎、不调质</TD>
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 129.7pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 12.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8; mso-border-top-alt: solid green .75pt" vAlign=top width=173>
24.3</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 12pt">
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 165.2pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 12pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8" vAlign=top width=220>
经微粉碎、不调质</TD>
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 129.7pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 12pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8" vAlign=top width=173>
74.5</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 12.75pt">
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 165.2pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 12.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8" vAlign=top width=220>
不经微粉碎、调质</TD>
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; BORDER-BOTTOM-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 129.7pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; HEIGHT: 12.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8" vAlign=top width=173>
78.9</TD></TR>
<TR style="HEIGHT: 6.75pt">
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 165.2pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: green 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 6.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8" vAlign=top width=220>
经微粉碎、调质</TD>
<TD style="PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; BORDER-LEFT-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; WIDTH: 129.7pt; BORDER-TOP-COLOR: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: green 1.5pt solid; HEIGHT: 6.75pt; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; BORDER-RIGHT-COLOR: #ece9d8" vAlign=top width=173>
88.0</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV>
制粒前不管是否调质，原料微粉碎都有益于提高产品的耐水性。表3的结果也反映出，微粉碎和调质对改良颗粒耐水性都有效。也仅当这两项操作合理配合时，产品耐水性才有保障。
3.3．粒度与颗粒表面 
硬颗粒水产饲料制造中，原料中的大粉粒在三个方面影响产品的表面质量。在圆柱体颗粒饲料两端，大粒子原料使切口不平。坑洼的端面不仅影响外观，同时会增加颗粒饲料的含粉率；在成型过程中，大粒子与周边其它物料受力不匀，使颗粒饲料中存在较大的内应力。在冷却干燥、储运等操作中，内应力加大导致颗粒表面裂缝或是颗粒断裂，影响颗粒大小的均一和表面的平整；各种原料的颜色不同。各种大粒子原料间的色差、大粒子与细粉末间的色差，在颗粒饲料表面留下不规则斑点，给人以不均匀的感觉。 
水产饲料原料中常含有糠麸、饼粕等粗纤维含量较高的原料。粗纤维含量高的物料不易软化，不易变形，一旦出现在挤压颗粒饲料表面，常使颗粒外观凹凸毛糙；存在于颗粒表面的大粉粒，如与周边物料的膨化度不一致就会引起表面的不平整；挤压过程中未能达到熔融状态的原料，对产品表面均一性都会有影响，其影响的程度和这些原料的粒径相关。 
原料经过适当微粉碎后，在同等的调质和挤压条件下，一方面粒子的相对软化和变形程度增加，挤压过程中的机械力可消去部分棱角；另一方面粒子体积小，对产品表面不平整程度的影响也小。要制得表面光洁的挤压饲料，原料微粉碎是有效措施之一。特别在采用孔径小于2mm的模板生产挤压饲料时，大粒径的原料对饲料表面质量的影响极为明显。 
表面毛糙影响挤压颗粒饲料的外观，并会使含粉率有所增高。但尚未见因表面不光洁影响采食量或消化率等的报道。挤压颗粒饲料的表面平整或光洁度对养殖效果有多大影响？如何对这些表面质量提出既有利于加工，又无损于养殖的要求？这些问题还有待于研究和讨论。
4. 避免不合格粒度的措施 <o:p></o:p>
4.1．选用合适的粉碎设备
产品品种较少的水产饲料厂，如专一生产鳗鱼、龟鳖饲料的生产厂家，或专一生产普通鱼饲料的厂家，建厂时选定一台粉碎机后，所有产品都由该粉碎机粉碎。在产品对粉碎粒度要求变化时，通过改换筛片或改变离心气流分级器转速等方法在小范围内进行粒度调节。 
这类厂家中，产品粒度是否合适，很大程度上决定于选用的粉碎机是否合适。不同类型的粉碎设备适用于粉碎产品不同的粒度要求和不同的原料特性。采用立式微粉碎机粉碎普通成鱼饲料，会因能耗，设备易损件等的费用高而使加工成本大幅度增加。以普通有筛锤片粉碎机粉碎鳗鱼或虾饲料，势必选用筛孔直径极小的筛片。即使如此，产品粒度仍得不到保证，粉碎产量、电耗、筛片破损速度及料温过高等会使生产厂家难以承受。 
粉碎设备在日常操作管理中也会引起粉碎产品粒度变化。同一台粉碎机，经一段时间工作后，与物料接触的部件会磨损，锤击件与固定的筛片或齿板的间隙将增大。即使其它加工参数都不变，间隙的增加就会明显增大粉碎产品粒度。粉碎机筛片的非常规破损、离心气流分级器转速的自动漂移或风速波动等也会是这类厂家粉碎不当的原因。 
另一类水产饲料厂的产品品种多，普通鱼饲料，虾饲料及龟鳖饲料都生产。在一条生产线中配有两种类型不同的粉碎机。针对具体的原料和产品，有三种粉碎方案可选择。当原料和产品的粒度差较大时，两种类型粉碎设备串联使用，即先粗粉碎，后微粉碎的二次粉碎方案，往往产量高，能耗低，产品粒度更有保障。 
即使采用了两种类型的粉碎机，由于产品的多样性，对每一种类的粉碎机都要求在较大的范围内变化产品粒度。如微粉碎机既用于生产虾饲料，又用于生产鳗鱼饲料。虾饲料和鳗鱼饲料的粒度要求就不一样，加上虾饲料中再分成虾饲料、中虾饲料和幼虾饲料等，鳗鱼饲料中分成鳗饲料，幼鳗饲料、黑仔鳗饲料及白仔鳗饲料等，希望从一台微粉碎机中得到4-5种粒度规格不同的粉碎产物。 
这种类型的厂家中，粉碎粒度变化范围宽，加上生产品种变化频率高，要求操作过程中应用加工流程、筛孔尺寸、进料量、风量、转速等多种调节手段来适应粒度要求变化。并通过详尽的操作记录来量化设备操作要求，以求在产品品种变换时，及时设定合适的参数。 
4.2．免粉碎原料的正确选择
水产饲料生产中，部分原料不经粉碎直接与其它粉碎后的原料混合。部分原料免粉碎的目的或是为了减少粉碎能耗、提高产量，或是为了使某些原料免于粉碎过程中遭受破坏。 
　　何种原料可决定为免粉碎原料，首先看其粉碎过程中的破坏程度，而后看其粒度。有多种维生素在粉碎时和粉碎后生理效价大幅下降。在选购维生素原料时尽量取细粉末状的产品。某些水溶性原料，如B属维生素等，只要具有足够的粒子数在饲料中能分布均匀，虽粒径较大，但在粉末饲料中并不影响饲料的营养价值。粉末饲料饲喂前的加水搅拌使这些可溶性原料成为溶液后附着于其它物料上，粉末状时的大粒在饲喂前已消失。 
　　将某些细粉末状的蛋白源或能量源原料固定为免粉碎原料也易导致产品粒度不合格。原料的产地、生产厂家不同，同品种的原料粒度会有较大的不同。同一原料生产厂家在不同季节或不同参数下生产的原料，粒度也有差异。同类饲料在饲喂对象的不同生长期，要求有不同的饲料粉碎粒度。应对这些变化的方法是健全原料粒度检测制度，按批对照产品粒度要求，而后决定免粉碎原料品种。 
　　矿物添加剂预混料通常粒度较细，但在水产饲料加工中不宜作为免粉碎原料。一则矿物添加剂预混料用量少，免粉碎对提高产量，降低电耗贡献不大；二则矿物添加剂预混料易于成团结块。一旦团块状的矿物添加剂进入饲料成品，会对养殖动物的健康形成较大的隐患。 
4.3．防止不同产品间的混杂
针对不同种类的水产动物或同类水产动物的不同生长期，所要求的饲料粒度有很大的差异。在同一条饲料生产线上，前批饲料在设备中的残留物会进入后批生产的饲料中。当换品种生产细小粒度的饲料产品时，前批饲料的大粒子原料将影响该批饲料的粒度质量。防止因产品间混杂而引起的粒度质量下降可从批次间清理、生产作业安排及设备和工艺路线调整三方面进行。
生产过程中，更换成粉碎粒子更细的产品前，混合机、提升机、螺旋输送机、调质器及部分料仓和溜管等有物料残留的设备需进行清理。清理按生产流程，自粉碎机后由前向后逐台设备进行。 
　　安排营养要求和粒度要求相近的产品衔接生产，尽量避免由粉碎要求不高的产品直接转换生产粉碎要求很高的产品。
有一定生产规模的水产饲料厂，不宜将普通鱼饲料和虾、蟹饲料，或粉状饲料和粒状饲料置于同一条生产线中。不同饲料在原料要求、粉碎粒度要求、营养要求等方面差异较大。在同一条生产线中生产不同种类的水产饲料，为防止混杂而需要的清理工作量会很大，并由此降低生产能力，增加单位质量产品的生产成本。在设备投资富裕的工厂，采用带自清装置的自清式混合机、自清式斗式提升机等，能较大程度地减少互混引起的产品质量下降。 
4.4. 规范粒度检测制度
粉碎粒度是水产饲料的重要加工质量指标之一。规范化的检测，是这一质量指标的必要保证措施。
在水产饲料生产线安装时，就有必要在粉碎后及调质前各设置一个取样口。通过前一个取样口获取粉碎物或分级后的粉碎物样品。该样品的粒度可反映出粉碎机的工作状况。筛板孔径是否合适，筛板有无破损，分级器调节是否合理及齿板和锤击件的磨损等都可引起该样品的粒度变化。调质前获取样品，粉状饲料生产则在成品打包前获取样品。所有对粒度有影响的因素都会引起该样品的粒度变化。如粉碎后样品的粒度合格，则引起最终产品粒度不合格的原因可着重在免粉碎原料和混杂两方面寻找。
粒度检测分化验员检测和操作工检测两级进行。化验员对每一个生产品种在调质前或成品处取样化验。按行业标准或企业标准进行粒度测定，由测定数据得出粒度是否合格的结论。操作工则需在每一个品种生产的开始，中间和将结束时三次检测粉碎后的物料粒度。并在每一品种开始生产时检测调质前的物料粒度。操作工检测为粗检测，按产品要求选用一个检查筛，该检查筛筛孔尺寸与产品的最大允许粉碎粒径相当。当检查筛上发现有较多筛上物时则需对粉碎机、分级器等与产品粒度有关的设备进行细致检查，找出大粉粒的产生原因并及时进行必要的调整。开始生产某批饲料时，在混合工序后对中间产品的粒度进行检测。根据检测结果判定免粉碎原料合适与否。 
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