哺乳日粮中添加玉米豆粕混合发酵原料对母猪和仔猪的生产性能的影响

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　　哺乳日粮中添加玉米豆粕混合发酵原料对母猪和仔猪的生产性能的影响
　　2018.J. Anim. Sci. 96(1): 206–214

　　网站链接：https://academic.oup.com/jas/article/96/1/206/4824921
　　DOI：https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skx019

　　哺乳日粮中添加玉米豆粕混合发酵原料对母猪和仔猪的生产性能的影响
　　C. Wang, C. Lin, W. Su, Y. Zhang, F. Wang, Y. Wang, C.Shi, and Z. Lu
　　翻译： 蒋辉 校对： 上海亘泰实业集团

　　摘要： 在本研究中，通过两个实验来研究，母猪哺乳日粮中添加玉米豆粕混合发酵原料（由枯草芽孢杆菌和屎肠球菌发酵）对母猪及仔猪生产性能的影响。

　　实验1，60头母猪被分配到以下三种日粮组中：1）母猪饲喂玉米和豆粕的基础日粮（对照），分娩前3天到断奶；2）母猪饲喂含有7.5%发酵原料的日粮 ； 3）母猪饲喂含有15%发酵原料的日粮。结果表明，饲喂含有15%发酵原料的日粮同对照组比较，显著改善了母猪日平均采食量(P < 0.05)、仔猪断奶重、仔猪增重，并减少母猪背膘损失(P < 0.05)。但是，含有7.5%发酵原料对于母猪及后代仔猪没有任何影响。因此，我们认为15%FMF水平比7.5%FMF有效。

　　为了验证实验1的结果，我们进行了实验2，60头母猪在妊娠111天时候被分配到以下两个日粮组：1）母猪饲喂基础哺乳日粮（对照），从妊娠111天到断奶；   2）母猪饲喂含有15%发酵原料的日粮。与对照组相比，15%发酵原料显著改善母猪日均采食量(P < 0.05)、窝增重和仔猪增重，并且显著减少背膘损失(P < 0.05)和仔猪腹泻发病率。此外，同对照相比，饲喂15%发酵原料的日粮，母猪产奶量和IgA水平显著改善(P < 0.05)。此外， 15%发酵原料组日粮总能、代谢能及总磷的表观消化率都增加(P < 0.05)。

　　因此，本研究发现，母猪从分娩到断奶饲喂15%FMF的日粮有很大的潜力改善
      1）增加母猪日平均采食量、产奶量、奶中IgA水平及养分消化率，并且通过降低母猪断奶后发情时间来改善母猪繁殖性能；
　　2)促进仔猪生长性能，降低仔猪腹泻发生率。

　　关键词：表观消化率，发酵玉米和豆粕混合饲料，奶水，性能，后代，母猪

　　Effects of supplementing sow diets with fermented corn and soybean meal mixed feed during lactation on the performance of sows and progeny

　　C. Wang, C. Lin, W. Su, Y. Zhang, F. Wang, Y. Wang, C. Shi, and Z. Lu

　　In the present study, two experiments were performed to study the effects of feeding fermented corn and soybean meal mixed feed (FMF) with Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium to lactating sows on the performance of the sows and their progeny. In experiment 1, 60 sows were allocated to thefollowing three dietary treatments: 1) sows fed a corn and soybean meal basal diet (control) from day 3 before parturition to weaning, 2) sows fed a dietwith 7.5% FMF, and 3) sows fed a diet with 15% FMF. Results indicated that feeding 15% FMF significantly improved (P < 0.05) the sows’ ADFI, the individual piglet weaning weights, and piglet weight gain and reduced (P <0.05) the backfat loss of sows compared with the control group. However, the 7.5% FMF treatment did not alter the performance of the sows or their progeny. Therefore, we considered the level of 15% FMF to be more efficient than 7.5% FMF. To verify the results of experiment 1, we performed experiment 2, in which 60 sows at 111 d of gestation were allocated into the following two dietary treatments: 1) sows fed a basal lactation diet (control) from d 111 of gestation to weaning and 2) sows fed a basal diet with 15% FMF. Compared with the control group, 15% FMF inclusion significantly increased (P < 0.05) the sows’ ADFI, litter weight gain, and individual piglet weight gain during lactation and markedly decreased the backfat loss of sows (P < 0.05) and piglet diarrhea incidence (P < 0.05). Additionally, the milk yield and IgA contents of the milk in sows fed 15% FMF were greater (P < 0.05) than those of the control group. Furthermore, the apparent total tract digestibility of GE, DM, and total P of sows was increased (P < 0.05) with 15% FMF supplementation. Therefore, the present study indicates that supplementing sow diets with 15% FMF from parturition to weaning has the potential to 1) increase sow ADFI, milk production, milk IgA content, and nutrient digestibility and promote sow reproductive performance by shortening the weaning-to-estrous interval and 2) promote the growth performance of their progeny and decrease diarrhea incidence.

　　Key words: apparent total tract digestibility, fermented corn and soybean meal mixed feed, milk, performance, progeny, sow

　　转自：猪营养国际论坛CSIS