单宁是影响高粱生长猪能值的重要因素

畜牧编辑

　　单宁是影响高粱生长猪能值的重要因素

　　2016. J. Anim. Sci. 94(7):2879-2889

　　单宁是影响高粱生长猪能值的重要因素
　　L. Pan, P. Li, X. K. Ma, Y. T. Xu, Q. Y. Tian, L. Liu, D. F. Li和X. S.Piao

　　本试验检测和比较了28个不同高粱在生长猪上的消化代谢能，并根据化学分析值建立的消化代谢能的预测方程。28个高粱来源于中国9个省份，其中低单宁高粱中的3个样品为国外购买。高粱样品包括8个低单宁高粱品种（LTS组，单宁≤0.16%），10个中单宁含量高粱（MTS组，0.67%≤单宁≤0.98%），以及10个高单宁含量高粱（HTS，1.11%≤单宁≤1.51%）。

　　试验日粮含96.9%高粱以及3.1%的多维多矿。试验共48头去势公猪（初始体重36.5±3.4kg），采用完全随机区组设计，连续进行两个阶段试验（每组6个重复）。每个阶段包括7天适应期和5天全收粪。

　　高粱总能（GE）、粗蛋白、酸性洗涤纤维含量（干基）范围分别为4363-4496 kcal/kg、8.26-13.41%、3.26-5.78%。低、中、高单宁组高粱中单宁平均含量分别为0.08、0.84、1.29%。低单宁组高粱消化能DE和代谢能ME（干基）含量范围在3861-3989 kcal/kg和3784-3905kcal/kg，中单宁组高粱为3588-3669 kcal/kg，高单宁组高粱为3418-3538kcal/kg。中单宁组高粱消化能、代谢能、DE/GE、ME/GE和总能表观消化率低于低单宁组高粱（P＜0.05），并显著高于高单宁组高粱（P＜0.05）。单宁同消化能、代谢能或总能表观消化率的相关系数均为-0.96（P＜0.01）。28个高粱消化能（kcal/kg干物质）的最佳预测模型为6974 -（236×%单宁）-（43.27×%ADF）+（24.96×%CP）-（0.71×%GE），代谢能的最佳模型为3973 -（262×%单宁）-（27.24×%ADF）。

　　本试验表明高粱的消化能和代谢能受到其化学成分的影响非常大，特别是其中的单宁含量。高粱单宁含量每增加1%，消化能和代谢能将降低超过200kcal/kg。总之，单宁是预测高粱消化代谢能的关键因子，在猪饲料中应用高粱不应忽视单宁的抗营养作用。

　　Tannin is a key factor in the determination and prediction of energy content in sorghum grains fed to growing pigs

　　L. Pan, P. Li, X. K. Ma, Y. T. Xu, Q. Y.Tian, L. Liu, D. F. Li and X. S. Piao

　　This study was conducted to determine and compare the DE and ME content as well as the apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD) of GE in 28 samples of sorghum grain fed to growing pigs and to generate prediction equations for DE, ME, and the ATTD of GE based on chemical analysis.The 28 samples included 8 low-tannin sorghum cultivars (LTS; tannin ≤ 0.16%),10 medium-tannin sorghum cultivars (MTS: 0.67% ≤ tannin ≤ 0.98%), and 10 high-tannin sorghum cultivars(HTS; 1.11% ≤ tannin ≤ 1.51%) obtained from 9 provinces in China and 3 samples of LTS cultivars were obtained internationally. The 28 diets were formulated to contain 96.9% of 1 of the 28 sorghum grains and 3.1% of vitamins and minerals. Eighty-four barrows (36.5 ± 3.4 kg initial BW) were used in a randomized complete block design conducted during 2 consecutive periods (n = 6 per treatment) with the pigs fed different diets during the 2 periods. For each period, pigs were placed in metabolic crates for a 5-d total collection offeces and urine following 7 d of adaptation to the diets. Among the 28 samples,GE, CP, and ADF content (DM basis) ranged from 4,363 to 4,496 kcal/kg, 8.26 to13.41%, and 3.26 to 5.78%, respectively. The average tannin content was 0.08, 0.84, and 1.29% in the LTS, MTS, and HTS samples, respectively. The DE and ME content (DM basis) ranged from 3,861 to 3,989 and from 3,784 to 3,905 kcal/kg, respectively, in LTS; from 3,646 to 3,740 and from 3,588 to 3,669 kcal/kg, respectively, in MTS; and from 3,481 to 3,617 and from 3,418 to 3,538 kcal/kg, respectively, in HTS. The mean DE, ME, DE/GE, ME/GE, and ATTD of GE in MTS were less than those in LTS (P < 0.05) and greater than those in HTS (P <0.05). The correlation coefficients between DE, ME, or the ATTD of GE and tannin content were all &#8722;0.96 (P < 0.01). The best-fit equations for DE and ME (kcal/kg DM) for the complete set of 28 sorghum grains were 6,974 &#8722; (236 × %tannin) &#8722; (43.27 × % ADF) + (24.96 × % CP) &#8722; (0.71 × % GE) for DE and 3,973 &#8722;(262 × % tannin) &#8722; (27.24 × % ADF) for ME. Our results strongly indicate that the DE and ME content of sorghum grains are related to their chemical composition, especially their tannin content. The DE and ME content coulddecrease by more than 200 kcal/kg when the tannin content is increased by 1% inthe sorghum grain. Overall, tannin is a key predictor for the DE and ME content as well as the ATTD of GE in sorghum grains, and the potent antinutritive properties from tannin should not be ignored when sorghum is used as an energy source for pigs。

译者：朱滔 转自：猪营养国际论坛CSIS

山中的漫游者

这个指标很客观，我的理解是：采食量决定了饲料效果