不同水平麦麸对生长猪后肠道发酵生产能量和短链脂肪酸的影响

畜牧编辑

　　2015. J. Anim. Sci. 93(10):4781-4787
　　不同水平麦麸对生长猪后肠道发酵生产能量和短链脂肪酸的影响

　　E. A. Iyayi和O. Adeola

　　本试验研究了日粮纤维在生长猪后肠道发酵所产生的可利用能量。试验选用了18头回肠末端安装了T型瘘管的阉公猪，随机分为三组。三种日粮为：标准纤维日粮（SFD，日粮中中性洗涤纤维NDF含量为7.51%）、中纤维日粮（MFD，中性洗涤纤维NDF含量为10.57%）、高纤维日粮（HFD，中性洗涤纤维NDF含量为14.69%）。每种日粮6头猪（6个重复）。试验猪只在代谢笼中适应5天后，第6、7天收集食糜，第8、9天将食糜冷冻干燥。将猪的粪便接种至同一头猪的回肠食糜中。发酵生产的能量由回肠食糜48小时体外发酵产生的短链脂肪酸（SCFA）计算得到。随着日粮中中性洗涤纤维的增加，回肠食糜和粪便的干物质含量增加（P＜0.01）。但是却将前肠道可利用的能量从3360 kcal/kg干物质降低到2974kcal/kg干物质（P＜0.01），后肠道发酵产能从619kcal/kg干物质提高到1009kcal/kg干物质（P＜0.01）。

　　中性洗涤纤维的增加提高了短链脂肪酸的产量（P< 0.01）。乙酸含量在高纤维日粮组中最高（P＜0.01），而标准纤维日粮组丙酸和戊酸含量最高（P＜0.05）。日粮处理对丁酸含量没有显著影响。日粮NDF含量从7.5%提高至14.7%后，发酵产短链脂肪酸所生产的能量占全肠道消化能的比例从10.7%提高至24.2%（P＜0.01）。本试验研究表明提高日粮中NDF含量可降低生长猪在前肠道能量的消化率，同时增加后肠道微生物发酵生产的能量。

　　Quantification of short-chain fatty acids and energy production from hindgut fermentation in cannulated pigs fed graded levels of wheat bran

　　E. A. Iyayi and O. Adeola

　　This study investigated the amount of energy available to growing pigs from fermentation of dietary fiber in the hindgut. Eighteen growing barrows, fitted with a simple T-shaped cannula at the terminal ileum, were allocated to 3 experimental diets in a completely randomized design. The 3 diets were a standard-fiber diet (SFD), which contained 75.1 g NDF/kg diet; a medium-fiber diet (MFD) of 105.7 g NDF/kg diet; and a high-fiber diet (HFD), which contained 146.9 g NDF/kg diet. Each diet had 6 replicate pigs. After a 5-d period of adjustment of the pigs to the cage environment, feces were collected on d 6 and 7 and ileal digesta on d 8 and 9 and subsequently freeze-dried. Fecal slurry from a pig was used to inoculate the ileal digesta from the same pig. The amount of energy available was calculated from the amount of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced from a 48-h in vitro fermentation of the ileal digesta. Increasing NDF enhanced (P < 0.01) the ileal DM flow and DM in feces. The energy available in the foregut was reduced (P < 0.05) from 3,360 to 2,974 kcal/kg feed DM and increased (P < 0.01) from 619 to 1,009 kcal/kg feed DM produced in the hindgut with increasing dietary NDF. The amount of SCFA increased (P < 0.01) with higher dietary NDF. Acetic acid was highest (P < 0.01) in the HFD whereas propionic and valeric acids were highest (P < 0.05) in the SFD. The amount of butyric acid was not affected by diet. The amount of energy contributed from SCFA fermentation to total tract digestible energy increased (P < 0.01) from 10.7 to 24.2% as dietary NDF level increased from 75 to 147 g/kg feed. The results of the study showed that increasing level of dietary NDF resulted in reduced energy digestibility in the foregut of growing pigs with a corresponding increase in the amount of energy from microbial fermentation in the hindgut。

本文由上海亘泰企业提供，感谢供稿！

畜牧编辑

本试验研究表明提高日粮中NDF含量可降低生长猪在前肠道能量的消化率，同时增加后肠道微生物发酵生产的能量。

zbp768

请教：有什么意义呢？加多少好呢？

叶知秋

zbp768 发表于 2016-8-18 09:18
请教：有什么意义呢？加多少好呢？

就个人经验来看，对于生长育肥猪，麦麸添加水平超过20%就很可能会影响生长速度和毛色了。通常添加个15%左右的水平没有什么问题啊。