从樊福好博士高论以及章总的经验谈开去-猪的能量代谢

山中的漫游者

从微信：第十七期：日粮豆粕浓度对PRRS攻毒断奶仔猪生长和免疫指标的影响，这篇文章里，也暗合范博士的不少观点。

第十七期：日粮豆粕浓度对PRRS攻毒断奶仔猪生长和免疫指标的影响

2016-06-29 朱滔 畜牧人网站
2015. J. Anim.Sci. 93(6):2987-2997
日粮豆粕浓度对PRRS攻毒断奶仔猪生长和免疫指标的影响
S. J. Rochell,L. S. Alexander, G. C. Rocha, W. G. Van Alstine, R. D. Boyd, J. E. Pettigrew和R. N. Dilger
本试验研究日粮中豆粕含量对仔猪猪繁殖与呼吸综合症病毒（PRRSV）攻毒后生长和免疫性能的影响。试验为2×2双因子试验设计，包括2个豆粕含量（低豆粕组和高豆粕组，豆粕含量分别为17.5%和29%），以及攻毒或未攻毒PRRS组。试验共计64头断奶仔猪（21日龄，7.14±0.54kg），在疾病控制室单栏饲养。断奶后一周内饲喂普通日粮，再根据性别和体重随机分为4个处理组，每组16头仔猪（重复）。在饲喂试验日粮1周后（35日龄），攻毒组注射1×105 50%的PRRS组织培养液，对照组注射无菌磷酸盐缓冲液。每周记录猪只体重和采食量，攻毒后开始每天记录直肠温度。攻毒第0、3、7、14天采集血液样品，测定血清中PRRS病毒量、全血细胞数量、以及结合珠蛋白和细胞介素含量。PRRSV攻毒提高了猪只直肠温度（P＜0.01），豆粕添加量对直肠温度无影响。PRRSV攻毒猪只在攻毒后14天内采食量和增重耗料比均有显著降低（P＜0.01）。在PRRSV攻毒组中，饲喂高豆粕日粮猪只有提高采食量的趋势（P=0.06），而未攻毒组中，豆粕含量对猪生长性能无影响。攻毒后第14天，与低豆粕组相比，饲喂高豆粕日粮的攻毒猪只血清PRRS病毒量更少（P＜0.05）、红细胞压积更高（P=0.02）、结合珠蛋白含量有提高的趋势（P=0.09）。与低豆粕组猪只相比，高豆粕组猪只血清珠蛋白在PRRSV攻毒后第3天有显著降低（P＜0.05），肿瘤坏死因子-α浓度在PRRSV攻毒后第14天有显著降低（P＜0.05）。总之，提高日粮豆粕含量调节了PRRSV攻毒猪只的免疫反应，并有改善生长性能的趋势。

Effects of dietary soybean meal concentration on growth and immune response of pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
S. J. Rochell,L. S. Alexander, G. C. Rocha, W. G. Van Alstine, R. D. Boyd, J. E. Pettigrewand R. N. Dilger

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary soybean meal (SBM) concentration on the growth performance and immune response of pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Four experimental treatments included a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of 2 dietary SBM concentrations, 17.5% (LSBM) or 29% (HSBM), and 2 levels of PRRSV infection, uninfected sham or PRRSV infected. Sixty-four weanling pigs of split sex (21 dof age, 7.14 ± 0.54 kg) were individually housed in disease containment chambers. Pigs were provided a common diet for 1 wk postweaning before being equalized for BW and sex and allotted to 4 treatment groups with 16 replicate pigs per group. Pigs were fed experimental diets for 1 wk before receiving either a sham inoculation (sterile PBS) or a 1 × 105 50% tissue culture infective dose of PRRSV at 35 d of age (0 d post inoculation, DPI). Pig BW and feed intake were recorded weekly, and rectal temperatures were measured daily beginning on 0 DPI. Blood was collected on 0, 3, 7, and 14 DPI for determination of serum PRRSV load, differential complete blood cell counts, and haptoglobin and cytokine concentrations. Infection with PRRSV increased (P <0.01) rectal temperatures of pigs throughout the infection period, with no influence of dietary SBM concentration. Pigs in the PRRSV-infected group had lower (P < 0.01) ADFI and G:F from 0 to 14 DPI compared with uninfected pigs. In the PRRSV-infected group, pigs fed HSBM tended to have improved ADG (P= 0.06) compared with pigs fed LSBM, whereas there was no influence of SBM concentration on growth of pigs in the uninfected group. At 14 DPI, PRRSV-infected pigs fed HSBM had a lower serum PRRSV load (P < 0.05), a higher (P = 0.02) hematocrit value, and a tendency for greater hemoglobin concentration (P =0.09) compared with pigs fed LSBM. Serum haptoglobin and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations of PRRSV-infected pigs were lower (P < 0.05) in pigsfed HSBM at 3 and 14 DPI, respectively, than in pigs fed LSBM. Overall,increasing the dietary SBM concentration modulated the immune response and tended to improve the growth of nursery pigs during a PRRSV infection.

山中的漫游者

想起来当年卢亮做仔猪料实验，大量使用益生素，对豆粕就不敏感了

兰天

非常有道理，这又把营养提高到了一种辩证哲学的高度。

eryueniao00

重新认识了拉稀和腹泻，见高人不学习就是罪过！大师就是大师！

nhwx

山中的漫游者 发表于 2016-6-24 12:20
我们吃肉耐饿，吃米饭不耐饿，实际上就是大米这类快速代谢淀粉，饭后很快提高体温，加速体内酶类活动，但是 ...

王博士好！您提到的”实际上就是大米这类快速代谢淀粉，饭后很快提高体温“中的”提高体温‘与我们了解到的蛋白类物质代谢过程中的”热增耗“很高有区别吗？如果有区别，那它们有关联吗？

nhwx

nhwx 发表于 2016-7-20 23:06
王博士好！您提到的”实际上就是大米这类快速代谢淀粉，饭后很快提高体温“中的”提高体温‘与我们了解到 ...

谢谢博士！这让我想到了个问题，夏天南方都喜欢煮白米粥喝，这会不会造成更大的热应激？

nhwx

nhwx 发表于 2016-7-26 09:50
谢谢博士！这让我想到了个问题，夏天南方都喜欢煮白米粥喝，这会不会造成更大的热应激？

谢谢博士教诲！

山中的漫游者

有一个现象值得我们注意：三伏天，所有的肉类消费量减少很多。证明高温环境对高蛋白质代谢是一种负担和压力，宣扬高温季节用高蛋白方案的人，想过没有？

夏季，南方喜欢喝白粥，就是很简单的，快速消化的能量，活着，而不是代谢生长。

qdcl

收获不少，谢。