奶牛肥胖综合症

monica

奶牛肥胖综合症Fat Cow Syndrome (Fatty Liver Syndrome)
                                                                Prepared by: Dr. Terry Hunt
病因/发病机理                 Cause & Pathogenesis
•        体脂代谢过度，肝内贮藏
Mobilization of excessive quantities of fat from body stores that is then deposited in the liver
•        泌乳早期对能量需求突然增加
Caused by sudden demand for energy in early lactation dairy cows
•        低发病率高死亡率
Low morbidity but high mortality

危险因素                        Risk Factors
•        最大化泌乳量时的管理操作
Management practices aimed at maximizing milk yield/cow
•        产犊时体况评分4分以上
Cows with a body condition score of over 4 at calving
•        其它围产期疾病导致饲料摄入量下降
Other peri-parturient diseases resulting in a sudden decrease in feed intake

临床症状                        Clinical Findings
•        仅在产犊后出现
Occurs just after calving
•        既往史并发病如胎衣滞留/产褥热
Usually a history of concurrent disease such as retained placenta or Milk fever
•        食欲废绝
Complete anorexia
•        体重下降快
Rapid weight loss
•        奶产量突然下降
Sudden decrease in milk production
•        卧地、渐进性消瘦
Weakness progressing to recumbency
•        重症酮病
Severe ketosis
•        有时目光呆滞
Staring gaze and opisthotonus in some
•        心动过速和昏迷
Terminal tachycardia and coma
•        7-10天内死亡                Death in 7-10 days

实验结果                        Laboratory Findings       
•        低血糖、酮尿、酮血症
Hypoglycemia, ketonemia and ketonuria
•        胆红素和肝酶水平上升
Elevated serum bilirubin and liver enzymes

尸解                                        Post Mortem       
•        肝肿大、苍白、易碎
Liver grossly enlarged, pale and friable
•        有多种并发症
There may be concurrent disease

诊断                                Diagnosis
•        依据临床症状和排除其它疾病
Based on clinical signs and rule-out of other diseases
•        实验室结果对诊断有帮助
•        Laboratory results are helpful

鉴别诊断                        Differential Diagnosis
•        皱胃移位
Abomasal displacement
•        酮病
Ketosis
•        倒地不起综合症
Downer cow syndrome

治疗                                Treatment
•        监护预后情况
Prognosis is guarded at best
•        每天静注50%右旋葡萄糖500mL
Intravenous glucose – 500 ml of 50% dextrose daily
•        全身静脉补液+口服电解质
Intensive intravenous fluids plus balanced electrolytes orally
•        皮质类固醇，每隔两天注射20mg地塞米松
Corticosteroids – 20 mg of Dexamethasone every 2nd day
•        口服丙二醇
225ml Oral propylene glycol – 225 ml bid
•        瘤胃液接种
Rumen fluid transplants

预防                                Prevention & Control
•        干奶期避免过肥
Avoid over-fat cows during the dry period
•        使用体况评分管理牛群
Utilize BCS to sort cows into management groups
•        干奶期使用优质草料
Use good quality forage during dry period